International and regional instruments

Mastery of regional treaties allows citizens to better understand and criticize their country's environmental strategies, thereby prompting demand for meaningful interventions for ecological progress. This knowledge also facilitates deeper and informed involvement in environmental debates and projects on a local, national and global scale.

International and regional instruments

1963 Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage

1973 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL)

1969 International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage

1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution

1972 Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes

1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

1985 Vienna Convention for the protection of the ozone layer

1991 Convention on environmental impact assessment in a transboundary context (Espoo Convention)

1987 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer

1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (The Rio Conventions)

1990 London International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Cooperation (OPRC)

1992 Convention on Biological Diversity, Rio

1993 Convention on civil liability for damage resulting from activities dangerous to the environment

1994 Marrakech Agreement establishing the WTO

1994 Oslo Protocol to the Convention on Long-Range Air Pollution

1994 Agreement on the application of sanitary and phytosanitary measures (SPS Agreement)

1994 United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, Rio

1996 Protocol to the London Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes

1998 Kyoto Protocol (UNFCCC)

2001 Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants

1999 Protocol on Liability and Compensation for Damage Resulting from Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal

2005 Protocol to the Antarctic Treaty relating to environmental protection (see Annex VI on liability arising from critical environmental situations)

2000 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity

2006 International tropical timber agreement

2010 Nagoya-Kuala Lumpur supplementary Protocol on Liability and Redress to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety

2015 Paris climate agreement, 2015

1963

Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage

1973

International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL)

1969

International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage

1979

Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution

1972

Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes

1982

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

1985

Vienna Convention for the protection of the ozone layer

1991

Convention on environmental impact assessment in a transboundary context (Espoo Convention)

1987

Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer

1992

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (The Rio Conventions)

1990

London International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Cooperation (OPRC)

1992

Convention on Biological Diversity, Rio

1993

Convention on civil liability for damage resulting from activities dangerous to the environment

1994

Marrakech Agreement establishing the WTO

1994

Oslo Protocol to the Convention on Long-Range Air Pollution

1994

Agreement on the application of sanitary and phytosanitary measures (SPS Agreement)

1994

United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, Rio

1996

Protocol to the London Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes

1998

Kyoto Protocol (UNFCCC)

2001

Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants

1999

Protocol on Liability and Compensation for Damage Resulting from Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal

2005

Protocol to the Antarctic Treaty relating to environmental protection (see Annex VI on liability arising from critical environmental situations)

2000

Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity

2006

International tropical timber agreement

2010

Nagoya-Kuala Lumpur supplementary Protocol on Liability and Redress to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety

2015

Paris climate agreement, 2015